Greece
Even from the beginning you can see distinction by how they began forming city states around the 8th century BC. These each had their own governments and God for protection. Two of the biggest and well known would be Athens and Sparta. Athens was the centre of Greek culture, they had many focuses on the fine arts in arts in life. Unlike most places on Earth the Athenians made their own unique government of democracy opposed to tyranny or a monarchy. The people began to choose for themselves created a stronger bond in community. Unfortunately, you can't have a civilization without a surplus of food. In Athens, and all of Greece, meat was a rarity with the goats and sheep. The goats were most often lay used for milk and cheese, and the sheep for wool and clothing. But, most of the time this meat was given to worshippers for sacrifices which never really helped with that problem either. So, the Greeks had to rely more on crops. But, the geography limited them, they lived in a very plain, hilly landscape, so they were limited at the time. Farmers weren't able to use rivers with them being vacant in the area so they used small streams instead. Even though, their technology advanced and the prize crops began to grow, olives, grapes, and figs. They made some of the first winemaking.
Greece was involved in many wars, Athens was powerhouse. They had a very powerful navy, a strong cavalry as anyone with a horse would join. But this was nothing compared to Sparta. Sparta was based on its military. It was founded on martial discipline. It never solved its problems like Athens using logic or government but instead by conquering other places. They were much more cut of from the world then Athens for the same reason it had such a good defense in war. Sparta was surrounded and enclosed by a mountain range. This helped them become the formidable military power they were. In education, Sparta relied less on school but we're still very able to to learn imparting information, skills and attitudes. Sparta and Athens began to wage war against each other.